Friday September
14, 2012
- A new report launched by former UN Chief Scribe Kofi
Annan looks at elections and why the integrity of such
procedures must be on the agenda of all democracies -
fledgling, established or otherwise.
Former UN Secretary-General Kofi
Annan today launched a report titled
Deepening Democracy:
A Strategy for Improving the
Integrity of Elections Worldwide
This must-read
report takes a global view at the electoral process and
how situations, most of them ugly, are created when
democratic principles are thrown into the furnace as the
desperate try to seize power or hold on to power using
what can only be described as a lip service to democracy
and the integrity of elections. It also highlights the
benefits of conducting free, fair and participatory
elections by an independent electoral body free from the
corrupt influences of the Executive, Legislative and
indeed the Judiciary. Indeed as he points out in the
"Forward" of the report -
In country after country, people
have risked their lives to call for free elections,
democratic accountability, the rule of law and
respect for human rights. Elections are the
indispensable root of democracy. They are now almost
universal. Since 2000, all but 11 countries have
held national elections. But to be credible, we need
to see high standards before, during and after votes
are cast. Opposition organizations must be free to
organize and campaign without fear. There must be a
level playing field among candidates. On polling
day, voters must feel safe and trust the secrecy and
integrity of the ballot. And when the votes have
been counted the result must be accepted no matter
how disappointed the defeated candidates feel.
This report should be carefully read by
all political parties, all civil society groups, all
stake holders in Sierra Leone's democracy with a view to
taking the right decisions, making the right and legal
moves that would ensure that no Sierra Leonean is
deprived of his/her right of freedom of political
expression, participation and ownership. Long gone
should be those times when nominations days were
declarations of war against the opposition and equally,
we hope would be long gone the days when election
petitions are never decided by the courts no matter how
many petitions were brought by losing candidates who
were of the considered opinion that illegal methods were
used to deprive them and their supporters of a free
vote. We welcome the news that the government of the
magician at State House, the man who loves to have a
string of Ph.D attached after his name, has set up a
court that would deal with such petitions swiftly and we
hope that such decisions would not be weighted in favour
of the ruling party. Indeed as noted in the new report
The integrity of elections hinges on
the strict observance of the rule of law—the
capacity and norms that ensure that governments are
accountable by law, that citizens are equal under
the law, that lawmaking and enforcing are not
arbitrary, and that laws respect human rights. When
applied to elections, this means that action must be
taken against incumbents or entrenched political
interests seeking to manipulate the electoral
process. Strong independent courts are needed to
protect the rights of all voters, political parties
and candidates, to enforce free and fair electoral
procedures, and to prosecute violations of the
electoral process. For elections to have integrity,
electoral justice must be done, and citizens must
see that it is done.
We would also advise the ruling party,
the APC that is, that having a majority in Parliament is
no excuse for brushing aside legitimate concerns by
representatives of the people who form more than forty
percent of the population and that had they listened to
their objections, the proposed fees would never have
been an issue as it would have been dropped rather than
being forced to swallow the bitter pill of defeat with
ignominy, with so many embarrassed smiles from all those
who had advocated for fees that would have deprived the
majority of Sierra Leoneans of their democratic rights.
On the role of electoral management
bodies, (EMB's) as we have in the National Electoral
Commission headed by Christian Thorpe, the report notes
what it sees as five major challenges that must be
overcome if elections are to be conducted with integrity
-
1. building the rule of law to
substantiate claims to human rights and electoral
justice;
2. building professional, competent
electoral management bodies (EMBs) with full
independence of action to administer elections that are
transparent and merit public confidence;
3. creating institutions and norms of
multiparty competition and division of power that
bolster democracy as a mutual security system among
political contenders;
4. removing barriers—legal,
administrative, political, economic, and social—to
universal and equal political participation; and
5. regulating uncontrolled, undisclosed,
and opaque political finance. (President Koroma and his
minions will one day be made to account for the source
of all the foreign currency he is reported to have been
swimming in and whoever is providing such amounts would
also come under investigation at the appropriate time).
And perhaps this observation would serve
as a new pivot for the action and thought patterns of
the National Electoral Commission, the Executive and the
Legislature
Elections are fundamental to the
ethos and principles of democracy. They create the
opportunities for individuals to identify and pursue
their political preferences, participate in the
political process, and hold their representatives
accountable without fear of repression or violence.
They provide citizens with the means to discuss,
debate, and educate themselves about key issues of
governance, making free and open competition and
political campaigning as important as the act of
voting itself.
For elections to uphold human rights
and democratic principles, they must be conducted
with integrity.
When elections lack integrity,
electoral officials are not accountable to the
public, and political candidates and voters are
denied equal opportunity to participate in and
influence the political process. Citizens lose
confidence in democratic processes when elections
are not inclusive, transparent, and accountable.
When elections have integrity, they
bolster democracy, respect fundamental rights, and
produce elected officials who are more likely to
represent their citizens’ interests.
But in addition to promoting
democratic values and human rights, elections with
integrity can also yield other tangible benefits for
citizens. Evidence from around the world suggests
that elections with integrity matter for empowering
women, fighting corruption, delivering services to
the poor, improving governance, and ending civil
wars.
To be clear, elections with
integrity cannot by themselves develop economies,
create good governance, or make peace, but recent
research does suggest that improved elections can be
a catalytic step towards realizing democracy’s
transformative potential.
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